REALISM
TIMELINE
THE HISTORY OF SYMBOLS
1920
- Modern times, popularity as a good lucky symbol in western culture, swastika was adopted as a symbol of the Nazi Party of Germany in 1920, as a symbol of the Aryan race.
- The term Aryan originates from the Sanskrit word arya, in origin an ethnic self-designation, in Classical Sanskrit meaning “honourable, respectable, noble”.
1900-1988
- Gerd Arntz (December 1900, Remscheid (city North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany). -4 December 1988, The Hague(capital city of the province of South Holland in the Netherlands) was a German Modernist artist renowned for his black and white woodcuts.
-
A core member of the Cologne Progressive he was also council communist participated in the revolutionary unions AAUD (KAPD) General Workers Union of Germany Allgemeine Arbeiter-Union Deutschland’s
1943
- In 1943, while living in The Hague, he was conscripted into Germany military service and later was a prisoner of war.
1864
- A symbol that heals in one country may
be painful in another. The Red Cross symbol (a reverse of the Swiss flag) was
afforded protection under the Geneva convention of 1864. Its intention is to
identify medical aid personnel.
1863
- The Red Cross emblem was officially
approved in Geneva in 1863.
- The Red Cross flag is not to be confused
with the St Georuge’s Cross which is on the flag of England, Barcelona,
Freiburg, and several other places. In order to avoid this confusion the
protected symbol is sometimes referred to as the “Greek Red Cross”; that term
is also used in United States law to describes the Red Cross.
1877-1878
- The Red Crescent emblem was first used
by ICRC volunteers during the armed conflict between. The Ottoman Empire and
Russia(1877-1878).
1929
- The symbol was officially adopted in
1929, and so far 33 Islamic states have recognized it.
2005
- On December 8, 2005, in response to
growing pressure to accommodate Magen David Adom as a full member of the Red
Cross and Red Crescent movement, a new emblem (officially the Third Protocol
Emblem, but more commonly known as the Red Crystal) was adopted by an amendment
of the Geneva known as protocol in 3.
1864-2005
- Some report the symbol was introduced
at Geneva in 1864.
- In 1980, because of the association of
the emblem with the Shah, the newly proclaimed Islamic Republic of Iran
replaced the Red Lion and Sun with the Red Crescent, consistent with most other
Muslim nations confirmed by Protocol III in 2005 even as it added the Red
Crystal.
- The Red Lion and Sun Society if Iran
was established in 1922
- Admitted to the Red Cross and Red
Crescent movement in 1923.
1935
- For over 50 years Israel requested the
addition of a red Starof David, arguing the since Christian and Muslim emblems
were recognized, the corresponding Jewish emblem should be as well. This emblem
has been used since 1935 by Megan David Adom (MDA), or Red Star of David, the
national first-aid society of Israel, but it is not recognized by the Geneva
Conventions as a protected symbol .
1457-1502
- The first printer’s mark is found in
the 1457 Mainz Psalter by Johann Fust and Peter Schoffer.
- One of the most well-known old printer’s marks is the
dolphin and anchor, first used by the Venetian printer Aldus Manutius as his
mark in 1502.
1470-1964
- Fabriano itself was the one of the
earliest place in the Europe to make high-quality paper on an industrial scale,
starting in the 13th century, and the town even today has a
reputation for fine watermarked paper.
- Umbria
as one of the earliest printing centers in Italy in the 15th
century, from 1470 onwards.
1854
- French fashion house founded in 1854 by
Louis Vuitton.
2006-2012
- For six consecutive years (2006-2012)
Louis Vuitton has been named the world’s most valuable luxury brand. It’s 2012
valuation was 25.9 billion USD.
1971
- Raymond Samuel Tomlinson is a US
programmer who implemented an email system in 1971 on the ARPANET.
2000-2012
- 2000: George R. Stibitz Computer
Pioneer Award from the American Computer Museum & Computer Science
Department of Montana State University.
- 2001: Webby Award from the International
Academy of Digital Arts and Sciences for lifetime achievement & inducted
into the Rensselaer Alumni Hall of Fame.
- 2002: Discover Magazine awarded him its
Innovation Award.
- 2004: IEEE Internet Award along with Dave Crocker .
- 2009: with Martin Cooper was awarded
the Prince of Asturias award for scientific and technical research.
- 2011: was listed at #4 on the MIT150
list of the top 150 innovators and ideas from MIT.
- 2012: Tomlinson was inducted into the
Internet Hall of Fame by the Internet Society.
1951
- In 1951, the creative director of CBS
TV’s Advertising and Sales Promotion department created the first symbol that
was deliberately considered for how it would appear on screen.
1850
- Additional inspiration was found Shaker art from
1850s. His basic concept was portray television’s unblinking electronic eye .
1943-1996
- Created in 1943 from the former NBC
Blue radio network, owned by the Walt Disney Company as of 1996 and is part of
Disney-ABC Television Group, formerly ABC-TV. First broadcast on television was
in 1948. It is the largest broadcaster in the world by revenues .
1914-1996
- Paul Rand (August 15, 1914-November 26,
1996) was an American art director and graphic designer, best known for his
corporate logo designs, including the logos for IBM, UPS, Enron, Westinghouse,
ABC.
1956
- By the work of New York designer Fred
Knapp, he created the peacock in conjunction with John J. Graham of the NBC Art
Department.
1957
- Elektra Film Labs of New York City
created an animation that started with started with static bird that fanned out
into a colour spectrum .
1985
- The peacock was hatched anew, stylish
and strikingly simple, with the initials NBC added to it in a specially created
lettering style” by Chermayeff & Geismar.
1920-1996
- Saul Bass (May 8, 1920-April 25, 1996) was an American
graphic designer and Academy Award winning filmmaker, best known for his design
of motion picture title sequences, film posters, and corporate logos .
1969
- Bass designed some of the most iconic
corporate logos in North America, including the Bell System logo.
1983
- Design AT&T’s globe logo. (American
Telephone and Telegraph Company).
1974
- Designed Continental Airlines’ jet
stream logo and United Airlines’ became some of the most recognized airline
industry logos of the era.
1954
- Susan Kare (born 1954) is an artist and
graphic designer who created many of interface elements for the Apple Macintosh
in the 1980s.
1977
- The original logo was released in 1977
with colour stripes to broadcast that Macs had colour screens, the first
personal computers. Landor & Associates made updates in the 1980’s .
1985
- She was also one of the original
employees of NEXT (the company formed by Steve Jobs after leaving Apple in
1985), working as the Creative Director.
2000
- Starting in 2000 Google began hiring
illustrators to create logos for holidays and events. Specialized themes such
as Lantern Day in China or Martin Luther King Day in the US were displayed on
the site specific to each nation’s interest and culture .
1959
- Development of writing in 1959 .
1960
- In the late 1960’s a similar
observation was made by Father Edward Catich, a calligrapher.
1968
- He published his findings in a 1968
work The Origin of the Serif, Brush Writing and Roman Letters.
- The Red Crescent emblem was first used by ICRC volunteers during the armed conflict between. The Ottoman Empire and Russia(1877-1878).
1929
- The symbol was officially adopted in 1929, and so far 33 Islamic states have recognized it.
2005
- On December 8, 2005, in response to growing pressure to accommodate Magen David Adom as a full member of the Red Cross and Red Crescent movement, a new emblem (officially the Third Protocol Emblem, but more commonly known as the Red Crystal) was adopted by an amendment of the Geneva known as protocol in 3.
1864-2005
- Some report the symbol was introduced at Geneva in 1864.
- In 1980, because of the association of the emblem with the Shah, the newly proclaimed Islamic Republic of Iran replaced the Red Lion and Sun with the Red Crescent, consistent with most other Muslim nations confirmed by Protocol III in 2005 even as it added the Red Crystal.
- The Red Lion and Sun Society if Iran was established in 1922
- Admitted to the Red Cross and Red Crescent movement in 1923.
1935
- For over 50 years Israel requested the addition of a red Starof David, arguing the since Christian and Muslim emblems were recognized, the corresponding Jewish emblem should be as well. This emblem has been used since 1935 by Megan David Adom (MDA), or Red Star of David, the national first-aid society of Israel, but it is not recognized by the Geneva Conventions as a protected symbol .
1457-1502
- The first printer’s mark is found in the 1457 Mainz Psalter by Johann Fust and Peter Schoffer.
- One of the most well-known old printer’s marks is the dolphin and anchor, first used by the Venetian printer Aldus Manutius as his mark in 1502.
1470-1964
- Fabriano itself was the one of the earliest place in the Europe to make high-quality paper on an industrial scale, starting in the 13th century, and the town even today has a reputation for fine watermarked paper.
- Umbria as one of the earliest printing centers in Italy in the 15th century, from 1470 onwards.
1854
- French fashion house founded in 1854 by Louis Vuitton.
2006-2012
- For six consecutive years (2006-2012) Louis Vuitton has been named the world’s most valuable luxury brand. It’s 2012 valuation was 25.9 billion USD.
1971
- Raymond Samuel Tomlinson is a US programmer who implemented an email system in 1971 on the ARPANET.
2000-2012
- 2000: George R. Stibitz Computer Pioneer Award from the American Computer Museum & Computer Science Department of Montana State University.
- 2001: Webby Award from the International Academy of Digital Arts and Sciences for lifetime achievement & inducted into the Rensselaer Alumni Hall of Fame.
- 2002: Discover Magazine awarded him its Innovation Award.
- 2004: IEEE Internet Award along with Dave Crocker .
- 2009: with Martin Cooper was awarded the Prince of Asturias award for scientific and technical research.
- 2011: was listed at #4 on the MIT150 list of the top 150 innovators and ideas from MIT.
- 2012: Tomlinson was inducted into the Internet Hall of Fame by the Internet Society.
1951
- In 1951, the creative director of CBS TV’s Advertising and Sales Promotion department created the first symbol that was deliberately considered for how it would appear on screen.
1850
- Additional inspiration was found Shaker art from 1850s. His basic concept was portray television’s unblinking electronic eye .
1943-1996
- Created in 1943 from the former NBC Blue radio network, owned by the Walt Disney Company as of 1996 and is part of Disney-ABC Television Group, formerly ABC-TV. First broadcast on television was in 1948. It is the largest broadcaster in the world by revenues .
1914-1996
- Paul Rand (August 15, 1914-November 26, 1996) was an American art director and graphic designer, best known for his corporate logo designs, including the logos for IBM, UPS, Enron, Westinghouse, ABC.
1956
- By the work of New York designer Fred Knapp, he created the peacock in conjunction with John J. Graham of the NBC Art Department.
1957
- Elektra Film Labs of New York City created an animation that started with started with static bird that fanned out into a colour spectrum .
1985
- The peacock was hatched anew, stylish and strikingly simple, with the initials NBC added to it in a specially created lettering style” by Chermayeff & Geismar.
1920-1996
- Saul Bass (May 8, 1920-April 25, 1996) was an American graphic designer and Academy Award winning filmmaker, best known for his design of motion picture title sequences, film posters, and corporate logos .
1969
- Bass designed some of the most iconic corporate logos in North America, including the Bell System logo.
1983
- Design AT&T’s globe logo. (American Telephone and Telegraph Company).
1974
- Designed Continental Airlines’ jet stream logo and United Airlines’ became some of the most recognized airline industry logos of the era.
1954
- Susan Kare (born 1954) is an artist and graphic designer who created many of interface elements for the Apple Macintosh in the 1980s.
1977
- The original logo was released in 1977 with colour stripes to broadcast that Macs had colour screens, the first personal computers. Landor & Associates made updates in the 1980’s .
1985
- She was also one of the original employees of NEXT (the company formed by Steve Jobs after leaving Apple in 1985), working as the Creative Director.
2000
- Starting in 2000 Google began hiring illustrators to create logos for holidays and events. Specialized themes such as Lantern Day in China or Martin Luther King Day in the US were displayed on the site specific to each nation’s interest and culture .
1959
- Development of writing in 1959 .
1960
- In the late 1960’s a similar observation was made by Father Edward Catich, a calligrapher.
1968
- He published his findings in a 1968 work The Origin of the Serif, Brush Writing and Roman Letters.
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